Search results for "TATA Box"

The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (wt1) product regulates Dax-1 gene expression during gonadal differentiation.

1999

Gonadal differentiation is dependent upon a molecular cascade responsible for ovarian or testicular development from the bipotential gonadal ridge. Genetic analysis has implicated a number of gene products essential for this process, which include Sry, WT1, SF-1, and DAX-1. We have sought to better define the role of WT1 in this process by identifying downstream targets of WT1 during normal gonadal development. We have noticed that in the developing murine gonadal ridge, wt1 expression precedes expression of Dax-1, a nuclear receptor gene. We document here that the spatial distribution profiles of both proteins in the developing gonad overlap. We also demonstrate that WT1 can activate the D…

Chromatin structure of the 5′ flanking region of the yeastLEU2 gene

1989

The chromatin structure of theLEU2 gene and its flanks has been studied by means of nuclease digestion, both with micrococcal nuclease and DNase I. The gene is organized in an array of positioned nucleosomes. Within the promoter region, the nucleosome positioning places the regulatory sequences, putative TATA box and upstream activator sequence outside the nucleosomal cores. The tRNA3 Leu gene possesses a characteristic structure and is protected against nucleases. Most of the 5′ flank is sensitive to DNase I digestion, although no clear hypersensitive sites were found. The chromatin structure is independent of either the transcriptional state of the gene or the chromosomal or episomal loca…

Promoter and exon–intron structure of the protein kinase C gene from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium: evolutionary considerations and promoter acti…

1999

Abstract We report the gene structure of a key signaling molecule from a marine sponge, Geodia cydonium. The selected gene, which codes for a classical protein kinase C (cPKC), comprises 13 exons and 12 introns; the introns are, in contrast to those found in cPKC from higher Metazoa, small in size ranging from 93 nt to 359 nt. The complete gene has a length of 4229 nt and contains exons which encode the characteristic putative regulatory and catalytic domains of metazoan cPKCs. While in the regulatory domain only one intron is in phase 0, in the catalytic domain most introns are phase 0 introns, suggesting that the latter only rarely undergo module duplication. The 5′-flanking sequence of t…

Different genomic organization and expression of immunoglobulin light-chain isotypes in the rainbow trout.

2000

cDNA studies have distinguished two isotypes of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain (designated L1 and L2). This study characterized genomic clones of these isotypes. L1 genes are arranged in clusters with single copies of variable (V), joining (J), and constant (C) segments. The transcriptional orientation of the V genes is opposite to that of the J and C segments, indicating that the V genes must be rearranged by inversion. L2 is also organized in clusters, consisting of two or three V, one J, and one C exon, all in the same transcriptional orientation. L1 and L2 of rainbow trout are similar to the previously identified cod and catfish clusters. Repeat …

Regulation of Protein-DNA Interactions at the Interferon-gamma Gene Promoter by Corticosteroids

1998

Cloning and functional analyses of the mouse tapasin promoter

2003

The expression of tapasin is critical for an optimized MHC class I assembly and stable MHC class I surface expression. Thus, impaired MHC class I antigen expression of tumors can be attributable to tapasin downregulation. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms of deficient tapasin expression, the mouse tapasin promoter region and its 5'-flanking sequences were characterized. The mouse tapasin promoter lacks the TATA box and its transcription is initiated at multiple sites within a 51-nucleotide stretch. Sequence analyses revealed transcription factor binding motifs for NF-kappaB, GATA, E2F, p300, AP1, SP1 and IRF-1/2. Detailed analysis of deletion mutants and elimination of transcr…

Genome-wide analysis of factors regulating gene expression in liver

2007

In recent decades, multiple individual genes have been studied with respect to their level of expression in liver tissue and in many cases substantial progress has been made in identifying individual factors promoting gene expression in liver. However, the overall picture is still undefined and general rules or factors regulating gene expression in liver have not yet been established. Thus, a genome-wide screen for factors regulating gene expression in liver is of high interest, as it may reveal common regulatory mechanisms for most genes highly expressed in liver. These factors represent potential new targets in liver disease associated with differential gene expression. Using a novel bioi…

A short-range gradient of histone H3 acetylation and Tup1p redistribution at the promoter of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUC2 gene.

2003

Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays are used to map H3 and H4 acetylation over the promoter nucleosomes and the coding region of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUC2 gene, under repressed and derepressed conditions, using wild type and mutant strains. In wild type cells, a high level of H3 acetylation at the distal end of the promoter drops sharply toward the proximal nucleosome that covers the TATA box, a gradient that become even steeper on derepression. In contrast, substantial H4 acetylation shows no such gradient and extends into the coding region. Overall levels of both H3 and H4 acetylation rise on derepression. Mutation of GCN5 or SNF2 lead to substantially reduced SUC2 expression; in…

An Intronic cis-Regulatory Element Is Crucial for the Alpha Tubulin Pl-Tuba1a Gene Activation in the Ciliary Band and Animal Pole Neurogenic Domains …

2017

In sea urchin development, structures derived from neurogenic territory control the swimming and feeding responses of the pluteus as well as the process of metamorphosis. We have previously isolated an alpha tubulin family member of Paracentrotus lividus (Pl-Tuba1a, formerly known as Pl-Talpha2) that is specifically expressed in the ciliary band and animal pole neurogenic domains of the sea urchin embryo. In order to identify cis-regulatory elements controlling its spatio-temporal expression, we conducted gene transfer experiments, transgene deletions and site specific mutagenesis. Thus, a genomic region of about 2.6 Kb of Pl-Tuba1a, containing four Interspecifically Conserved Regions (ICRs…

The human fascin gene promoter is highly active in mature dendritic cells due to a stage-specific enhancer.

2003

Abstract Dendritic cells (DC), regarded as the most efficient APCs of the immune system, are capable of activating naive T cells. Thus, DC are primary targets in immunotherapy. However, little is known about gene regulation in DC, and for efficient transcriptional targeting of human DC, a suitable promoter is still missing. Recently, we successfully used the promoter of the murine actin-bundling protein fascin to transcriptionally target DC by DNA vaccination in mice. In this study, we report on isolation of the human fascin promoter and characterization of its regulatory elements. The actively expressed gene was distinguished from a conserved inactive genomic locus and a continuous region …